| Process | Definition | Direction | Energy? | Example | |---------|------------|-----------|---------|---------| | | Net movement of molecules from high → low concentration | Down gradient | No | O₂ into blood | | Osmosis | Net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from high water potential → low water potential | Down water potential gradient | No | Water into root hair | | Active transport | Movement of molecules against concentration gradient | Up gradient | Yes (ATP) | Mineral ions into roots; glucose into kidney tubules |
Here's an example concept map for the topic of Cell Biology: biology o level 5090 notes better
Practise identifying independent, dependent, and controlled variables. Drawing Skills: | Process | Definition | Direction | Energy
Dedicate a specific color (like red ink) to highlight common exam pitfalls, such as confusing diffusion with osmosis . 📝 Essential 5090 Syllabus Core Topics 📝 Essential 5090 Syllabus Core Topics