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Veterinary behavioral medicine is the specialty that combines medical knowledge with an understanding of ethology (the study of animal behavior in natural settings). MSD Veterinary Manual Specialist Expertise

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The veterinary profession has long operated under the biomedical model, focusing primarily on the diagnosis and treatment of organic disease. While this approach has led to significant advancements in longevity and surgical intervention, it has historically undervalued the psychological component of animal health. As societal views on animals shift from property to sentient companions, the definition of "health" has expanded. While this approach has led to significant advancements

: Natural behaviors are those seen in the wild that promote survival. Abnormal behaviors, such as stereotypies (repetitive, purposeless actions like pacing), often indicate chronic stress or poor welfare in captive environments. The Role of Behavior in Veterinary Science such as stereotypies (repetitive