Syntax analysis, also known as parsing, is the process of analyzing the tokens produced by the lexer to ensure that they conform to the language's syntax. There are two primary parsing techniques: top-down parsing and bottom-up parsing. Top-down parsers, such as recursive descent parsers, start with the overall structure of the program and recursively break it down into smaller components. Bottom-up parsers, such as LR parsers, start with the individual tokens and combine them into larger structures.
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: While physical copies can be found on sites like Amazon, digital versions and archives are sometimes available for borrowing through platforms like the Internet Archive . [PDF] The Art of Compiler Design: Theory and Practice Syntax analysis, also known as parsing, is the